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Country Profile - Finland


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Education Procurement in Finland

CountryProfile_FINLAND.pdf

Numbers

More information

Number of schools K-12 Number of teachers K-12 Number of students K-12 Number of computers per student K-12
2.250[1] 44.500[1] 564.000[1] 0,16[2]

Sources:
[1] www.stat.fi
[2] www.kuntaliitto.fi

Legislation of Education

More information

Education and Research Development Plan is prepared every four years which includes the main priorities of the education policy.

www.finlex.fi/fi/laki/ajantasa/1998/19980628
Programmes, strategies etc. related to education, digital education

Organisations

More information

Organization responsible for education Role of the organization Website
Ministry of Education and Culture
  • Preparation and implementation of the education policy.
  • Higher education belongs to the Ministry.
  • Outline of the national curriculum of the early childhood education.
https://minedu.fi/en/frontpage
Finnish National Agency for Education Responsible for early childhood education and care, pre-primary, basic, general and vocational upper secondary education as well as for adult education and training. www.oph.fi/en
Finnish Education Evaluation Centre Evaluation https://karvi.fi/en/fineec/
Municipalities
  • Decision making in case of lower secondary schools
  • Organizing basic education
  • Allocating funding
  • Determining and implementing the local curriculum
  • Employing, recruiting and training teachers and other non-teaching staff
  • Determining the extent of the autonomy of schools
Bodies providing advice and expert services in connection with vocational education and training lifelong learning, adult learning:

  • National Education and Training Committees
  • National Coordination Group of Education and Training
  • Council for Lifelong Learning
  • Advisory Council for Youth Affairs
  • Advisory Board for Early Childhood Learning and CareOther stakeholders are represented by unions. The relevant ones from the point of view of primary and secondary education are: students’ unions, unions of education providers.
Education system is very decentralised, schools are allowed to make decisions individually.
 
Source:
OECD: Education Policy Outlook – Finland, 2013
European Commission / EACEA National Policies Platform / Eurydice / Finland Overview:
https://eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-policies/eurydice/content/finland_en

Funding of education

More information

Type of schools Source of funds
Pre-primary, primary, secondary, VET and tertiary education Financed by public funding sources.

Funding for pre-primary schools and basic education funding are included in statutory government transfers to basic municipal services. Municipalities have the right to make decisions about the allocation of the funding on the basis of the number of students.

The majority of basic upper secondary education institutions get funding from the central budget and local authorities.

Private schools Public funding
Government takes into consideration the following facts when deciding about funding going to each municipalities (from which education is financed):

●         the proportion of the population (the main aim to balance it within the country)

●         socio-economic status of the area

There is a dedicated budget for the procurement of educational technology tools and the main source are national grants.
If the value of the procurement is low, teachers can purchase tools themselves from the own budget of different teacher groups. This budget can be used for buying hardware, software or services.
Source:
OECD: Education Policy Outlook – Finland, 2013
European Commission / EACEA National Policies Platform / Eurydice / Finland Overview:
https://eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-policies/eurydice/content/finland_en

Public expenditure on education ISCED (2011) (million EUR)

More information

Year Primary education Lower secondary education Upper secondary education Total
2012 2643,8 2161,7 no data 4805,5
2013 2709,7 2185,5 no data 4895,2
2014 2808,8 2239,1 3265,3 8313,2
2015 3009,2 2365,8 3203,8 8578,8
2016 3056,8 2392,1 3114,3 8563,3
 
Source: Eurostat (online data codes: educ_uoe_fine01)

Expenditure on educational institutions ISCED (2011) (Million EUR)

More information

Year Expenditure Primary education Lower secondary education Upper secondary education Total
2012 Current expenditure 2 471,0 2 019,4 no data 4 490,4
Capital expenditure 183,1 150,8 no data 333,9
Total 2 654,1 2 170,2 no data 4 824,3
Share of capital expenditure (%) 6,9 6,9 no data 6,9
2013 Current expenditure 2 554,6 2 059,5 no data 4 614,1
Capital expenditure 166,0 134,9 no data 300,9
Total 2 720,6 2 194,4 no data 4 915,0
Share of capital expenditure (%) 6,1 6,1 no data 6,1
2014 Current expenditure 2 595,9 2 068,9 2 831,0 7 495,8
Capital expenditure 224,9 179,9 203,4 608,2
Total 2 820,8 2 248,8 3 034,4 8 104,0
Share of capital expenditure (%) 8,0 8,0 6,7 7,5
2015

 

Current expenditure 2 652,2 2 086,4 2 761,7 7 500,3
Capital expenditure 368,8 288,7 231,9 889,4
Total 3 021,0 2 375,2 2 993,6 8 389,8
Share of capital expenditure (%) 12,2 12,2 7,7 10,6
2016 Current expenditure 2 692,5 2 108,7 2 665,9 7 467,1
Capital expenditure 377,9 294,1 235,8 907,8
Total 3 070,3 2 402,8 2 901,8 8 374,9
Share of capital expenditure (%) 12,3 12,2 8,1 10,8
 
Source: Eurostat (online data code: educ_uoe_fini01)

Investment plan for education / ICT in education

More information

Year Amount in (€) Main pillars of investments Share of pillars (%)
2020 951 471 615 € The State  


Source:
www.oph.fi

Procurement Procedure

More information

Public procurement system is quite decentralised.

Contracting authorities have the right to decide even whether they would like to conduct public procurement or not if the value of the purchase is below the EU threshold.

All the schools are independent and have the right to make their own decision and to launch public procurements in order to purchase their own ICT tools for educational purposes. They do not have the right to decide which educational technology tool to purchase. Municipalities can decide in this question.

If there is a centralized procurement system, the process is carried out by the principals meeting (decision making), otherwise, it is the task of the principal of the school.

There are cities in Finland where primary/secondary schools can order technology (eg. IT tools) from municipal ICT providers, that handle equipment/software in large scale.

Learning materials (even digital materials) can be purchased at the school level.

Teachers play an active role: they create and formulate the contents, needs and usage descriptions. Generally, schools try to get all the new software, solutions or services to be tested by teachers before starting the procurement processes.

If a procurement is needed with a considerable value, the process must include the data management department and the practitioners from the field of procurements.

Ministry of Employment and Economy (MEE):

  • executes the national policymaking,
  • drafts the national procurement legislation and its amendments
  • provides help to economic actors and contracting authorities regarding the interpretation of the respective law

Ministry of Finance:

  • management of central government procurement processes
  • determined the purchase strategy
  • conducts the centralised procurement

Finnish National Audit Office (NAO): oversight body

  • monitors and checks public procurement processes in terms of budget, accounting and financial operations
  • reports the findings directly to the Parliament

Market Court: act as a specific review body in the first instance having authority to cancel a decision of a contracting authority partly or even fully. Against its decision appeals can be issued to the Supreme Administrative Court (SAC).

Steps of the procurement process:

  • Feasibility study and need analysis of the system
  • Tender for the industry in public info channels (if the price of the tool to purchase is small enough the schools have got the right to buy it straight, without tender)
  • Evaluation of the offers
  • Decision

The following factors are important when making decision about the purchase of educational technology tools:

  • price
  • time saved for teachers
  • compatibility with already used systems, software
  • technology is combined with training that help to use it
  • the opinion of the school/teachers

As regards implementation, there are differences among communities according to their level of development.

  • If the community is advanced, implementation process will be the responsibility of the education ICT centres.
  • In any other cases, the ICT departments are responsible.

 

Sources:
European Commission / EACEA National Policies Platform / Eurydice / Finland Overview:
https://eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-policies/eurydice/content/finland_en
Public procurement – Study on administrative capacity in the EU Finland Country Profile:
https://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/sources/policy/how/improving-investment/public-procurement/study/country_profile/fi.pdf

 

Procurement process in Finland

Source: Own elaboration by Konnevesi

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

LEA contact

More information

Konnevesi
anna-maria.nurmi@konnevesi.fi

 

 

LEA – 779803: This project has been funded with support from the European Commission in the context of the H2020 Programme. This publication [communication] reflects the views only of the author, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

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