Education Procurement in France
Numbers
More information| Number of schools K-12 | Number of teachers K-12 | Number of students K-12 | Number of students per computer K-12 |
| 32.332[1] | 731.610[2] | 9.899.750[3] | 2,9[4] |
Sources:
[1] This figure contains Primary school; middle school (college); & general & technological Lycées and professional Lycées, Apprentice Training centre _ ISCED 1-3
https://eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-policies/eurydice/content/statistics-organisation-and-governance-27_enDATA 2019
[2]Primary, lower & upper Secondary. EUROSTAT:
https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=educ_uoe_perp01&lang=en
Classroom teachers and academic staff by education level. DATA 2018
[3] Primary (6-10 years) & Secondary (11-17)
https://www.education.gouv.fr/sites/default/files/2020-02/depp-enc-2019-pdf-43448.pdf DATA 2019
[4] https://read.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/students-computers-and-learning/snapshot-of-ict-equipment-and-use-at-school_9789264239555-table2-en#page1
Legislation of Education
More informationThe code de l'éducation (education code) gathers all legislative and regulatory provisions relating to the French educational system (general principles and administration, teaching, higher education and personnel)
Law no. 2013-660 of 22 July 2013 on Higher Education and Research sets the framework for the reform of the higher education and research system launched by the French Government in 2012
Guidance and Programming Law no. 2013-595 of 8 July 2013 for Restructuring Schools sets the framework for the overall reform of the school system launched by the French Government in 2012
Law no. 2011-893 of 28 July 2011 contains measures to develop work-study training and on to provide better supervision of work experience in companies.
Law no. 2009-1437 of 24 November 2009, relating to guidance and lifelong vocational training.
Law of 10 August 2007 bearing on the freedoms and responsibilities of universities, sets out current overall guidelines for higher education in France.
Decree no. 2006-830 of July 2006 is an implementing decree of the guidance and curriculum-planning Law no. 2005-380 of 23 April 2005 for the future of schools
Decrees no. 2005-1145 of 9 September 2005 and no. 2005-1178 of 13 September 2005, contain provisions intending to advance the operations of local public-sector schools (collèges and lycées), by applying guidance and curriculum planning law no. 2005-380 of 23 April 2005 for the future of schools.
Guidance and curriculum planning law no. 2005-380 of 23 April 2005 for the future of schools commits to the modernisation of French national education along three main lines, i.e. ensure scholastic success for all pupils, better guarantee an even chance to all pupils and promote vocational opportunities for young people.
Law no. 2004-391 relating to lifelong vocational training and social dialogue intends to modernise the on-going vocational training system and enable all salaried employees to have access to it through an array of new provisions
Guidance law no. 89-486 of 10 July 1989 on education set education as the nation's top-most priority.
Laws no. 83-663 of 22 July 1983 and no. 85-97 of 25 January 1985 began a process of decentralising education-system management, which was developed by law no. 2004-809 of 13 August 2004 and meant that operating and equipment costs for school premises were shifted to the communes (municipalities), départements and regions
Source:
https://eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-policies/eurydice/content/legislation-23_en
DIGITAL STRATEGY
Schools change with the digital age (from 2015 - 2018) – Digital technolog ies serving a school of trust (new title as from 21/08/2018)
http://ecolenumerique.education.gouv.fr and https://www.education.gouv.fr/pid37987/for-school-trust.html
Organisations
More information| Organization responsible for education | Role of the organization | Website |
| Ministry of National Education, Higher Education and Research
It is organized on a regional basis. There are 13 academic regions that are responsible for maintaining national standards for education policy, along with 26 mainland academies and 4 academies in the overseas territories responsible for public service aspects of education (including strategy definition and school management) |
|
www.education.gouv.fr |
Source: OECD: Education Policy Outlook: France, 2014 European Commission / EACEA National Policies Platform / Eurydice / France Overview: https://eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-policies/eurydice/content/france_en |
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Funding of education
More information| Type of schools | Source of funds |
| State schools | Run by government |
| State-funded and controlled private schools | On the basis of an agreement with the government, teachers’ and other educational staff’s salaries are covered by public funding |
| Municipalities play an increasingly significant role in the governance of education. They ensure the physical operation of the system through financing the construction and maintenance of school buildings, school transport and supply of educational materials etc. schools | |
| Privately funded schools | Private funds |
| Source: OECD: Education Policy Outlook: France, 2014 European Commission / EACEA National Policies Platform / Eurydice / France Overview: https://eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-policies/eurydice/content/france_en |
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Public expenditure on education ISCED (2011) (million EUR)
More information| Year | Primary education | Lower secondary education | Upper secondary education | Total |
| 2012 | 23535,0 | 26028,7 | 24573,0 | 74136,7 |
| 2013 | 24094,3 | 26185,9 | 24685,3 | 74965,5 |
| 2014 | 24460,9 | 29716,4 | 25024,7 | 76202,0 |
| 2015 | 24884,9 | 26814,2 | 25324,8 | 77023,7 |
| 2016 | 25107,0 | 26874,0 | 25826,9 | 77807,9 |
| Source: Eurostat (online data codes: educ_uoe_fine01) | ||||
Expenditure on educational institutions ISCED (2011) (Million EUR)
More information| Year | Expenditure | Primary education | Lower secondary education | Upper secondary education | Total |
| 2012 | Current expenditure | 22 299,6 | 25 073,5 | 24 718,3 | 72 091,4 |
| Capital expenditure | 2 133,1 | 2 366,7 | 2 236,0 | 6 735,8 | |
| Total | 24 432,7 | 27 440,2 | 26 954,3 | 78 827,2 | |
| Share of capital expenditure (%) | 8,7 | 8,6 | 8,3 | 8,5 | |
| 2013 | Current expenditure | 22 867,9 | 25 401,8 | 24 469,5 | 72 739,2 |
| Capital expenditure | 2 131,4 | 2 137,8 | 2 356,1 | 6 625,3 | |
| Total | 24 999,3 | 27 539,6 | 26 825,6 | 79 364,5 | |
| Share of capital expenditure (%) | 8,5 | 7,8 | 8,8 | 8,3 | |
| 2014 | Current expenditure | 23 540,5 | 25 916,4 | 24 861,9 | 74 318,8 |
| Capital expenditure | 1 856,1 | 2 256,1 | 2 284,5 | 6 396,7 | |
| Total | 25 396,6 | 28 172,5 | 27 146,4 | 80 715,5 | |
| Share of capital expenditure (%) | 7,3 | 8,0 | 8,4 | 7,9 | |
| 2015 | Current expenditure | 24 108,0 | 26 220,3 | 25 214,2 | 75 542,5 |
| Capital expenditure | 1 758,3 | 2 163,3 | 2 269,9 | 6 191,5 | |
| Total | 25 688,3 | 28 383,6 | 27 484,1 | 81 734,0 | |
| Share of capital expenditure (%) | 6,8 | 7,6 | 8,3 | 7,6 | |
| 2016 | Current expenditure | 24 577,7 | 28 497,6 | 25 625,6 | 76 695,5 |
| Capital expenditure | 1 570,4 | 2 005,4 | 2 417,4 | 5 993,2 | |
| Total | 26 148,1 | 28 497,6 | 28 043,0 | 82 688,7 | |
| Share of capital expenditure (%) | 6,0 | 7,0 | 8,6 | 7,2 | |
| Source: Eurostat (online data code: educ_uoe_fini01) |
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Procurement Procedure
More informationPublic procurement system is quite decentralised. The system is characterized by a high number and wide range of contracting authorities and oversight institutions.
Ministry of Economy and Finance (Minefi): has primary responsibility for governing the public procurement system. The Department of Legal Affairs (DAJ) is responsible for
- analysing regulations regarding public contracts
- providing support and legal advice to State departments
- collects data on procurement through the Public Procurement Economic Observatory (OEAP)
Ministry of Transport and the Ministry of Defence have developed practical tools in order to inform contracting authorities on the development in their respective areas.
Union for Grouping Procurements (UGAP) is the central purchasing body which is dedicated to the State, public organizations and local buyers.
The State Purchasing Body (SAE) complements the tasks of UGAP and is responsible for awarding framework agreements and procurement contracts for common purchases of central administrations.
The Directorate General for Public Accounting (DGCP) of the Budget Ministry is appointed to give advice to local authorities on procurement.
The National Court of Audits (CC) and its 27 inferior regional courts (CRC) are the main oversight bodies.
- it verifies that public corporations, mixed enterprises, organisations and businesses that have benefited from financial assistance, central agencies and national companies respect the principles of legality, economy and efficiency
- provides external control of public bodies’ operating conditions and irregularities in these bodies’ public procurement.
The Courts of Appeal is the last recourse instance which decisions can be subject to review for compliance with the law by the State Council.
Public Procurement Mediation is a government scheme created in order to facilitate economic operators’ access to public procurement. It consists of national and regional bidder advocates who provide guidance on the navigation of the procurement process and it acts as impartial, neutral and independent conciliator in case of debates between contracting authorities and suppliers.
Source:
European Commission / EACEA National Policies Platform / Eurydice / France Overview:
https://eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-policies/eurydice/content/france_en
Public procurement – Study on administrative capacity in the EU France Country Profile:
https://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/sources/policy/how/improving-investment/public-procurement/study/country_profile/fr.pdf
LEA contact
More informationSonia Dominguez Mendez
Ajuntament De Viladecans
international_Relations@viladecans.cat